In today's digital age, where AI is developing at a faster pace than ever, we often ask: What does intelligence actually mean, and can a machine surpass a human in it?
What is the IQ of Artificial Intelligence?
The smartest living person, with an estimated IQ of 230, is Terence Tao, a mathematical genius. In one of my previous articles, you can read that ChatGPT 3.5 has an estimated IQ of 83. Its improved version, GPT 4, is around 124, which is a significant improvement. But what if, in the future, we encounter an AI with an "IQ" even higher, perhaps even higher than Terence Tao?
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How We Measure IQ & Wechsler's Intelligence Test
Even though humanity still doesn't really know what intelligence is (unfortunately, it doesn't have an exact definition), fortunately, we can quite successfully measure intelligence using various tasks/tests. One of the popular current methods is the WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), in which we can measure various aspects of human intelligence, not just logic (IQ) itself. Thus, WAIS tests are divided into verbal and performance categories, with different tasks aimed at measuring various cognitive abilities.
The verbal part of the test is focused on comparing similarities in words, knowledge of word meanings, and working with information. So it's not surprising that in March 2023, ChatGPT performed better than 99.9% of people in the verbal part of the IQ test, with a score of 155.
The second part of the WAIS test is more complicated to implement, as it includes images, numerical matrices, which cannot be reasonably transferred to ChatGPT (at the time of writing this article, a new version of ChatGPT, which recognizes images, was released, but it has not yet been subjected to this test). Therefore, we will not know the overall result of the WAIS test for ChatGPT, which is not that important, as ChatGPT often struggles even with slightly more complex verbal problems. It is clear that the result would be below average.
Can Artificial Intelligence Replace Humans?
However, the trend is quite clear - it is only a matter of time before an AI is developed that will solve logical and mathematical tasks faster and more elegantly than even Terence Tao himself. After all, AI has already completely dominated in chess, the game of Go, and many other very complicated problems. LLMs are already being created today, specifically focused on solving mathematical problems, such as LLEMMA or Minerva by Google. The fact remains, however, that even if AI has a higher IQ than the average person, it does not mean that it will be able to fully replace a human. Human intelligence includes emotions, intuition, and social interactions, in which AI lags behind and will for a longer time. Instead, very intelligent AI can help us solve mathematically complicated problems such as the famous Millennium Prize Problems, for which a reward of 1 million USD is offered to the solver.
Fear of the unknown, especially an AI smarter than ourselves, is understandable. However, I remain an optimist, as history shows that every significant discovery, such as dynamite, nuclear fission, or even radio waves, always has more positive benefits than negatives.
Author: Martin Smětala
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